Research
Citrate buffer — living evidence map
The Atlas page holds the claims; this is how its evidence evolved.
Summary
Citrate buffer is common in subcutaneous biologics; in a systematic review, five of seven direct comparisons reported less injection-site pain with citrate-free formulations. · pmid:36043729
History
Buffers can influence perceived pain on injection, a safety consideration discussed alongside their stabilizing roles. · pmid:27894967
Identity
No public registry record is shown for this page: a buffer is a system of components, not one compound.
Where the evidence actually sits
Proportion of the 2 claims about Citrate buffer standing at each tier. Community volume is shown on the Consensus tab beside this and is never averaged into it.
Living evidence history
2 resolved citations, oldest to newest, coloured by tier. Retractions and contradictions land here as they are recorded.
Structure
No structure representation on record. PepJunkie draws only what an authoritative record supplies; for a peptide that is the residue sequence, and none has been curated for Citrate buffer yet.
Dose evidence, rung by rung
A studied human dose exists on file. Open the rung: the dose is the paper's, in its context, never PepJunkie's.
- Approved-label dose · a resolved regulatory document names a labelled dose
nothing resolved on this rung
- Studied human doses · resolved human studies at the established tier
- Role of Buffers in Protein Formulations. · pmid 27894967 · 2017
- Observational evidence · resolved human data at the emerging tier: thin, or contested
- A Systematic Literature Review of Injection Site Pain Perception in Adult Patients Treated with Citrate-Free and Citrate-Containing Biologic Agents. · pmid 36043729 · 2023
- Community-reported protocols · protocol propositions from distinct members, counted once per human
nothing resolved on this rung
- Preclinical evidence · resolved animal, cell or mechanistic work
nothing resolved on this rung
2 resolved citations, 0 unresolved (an unresolved citation lends nothing). Community volume is its own rung and is never averaged into the evidence rungs.