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Research

Semax — living evidence map

The Atlas page holds the claims; this is how its evidence evolved.

Summary

Semax is the heptapeptide Met-Glu-His-Phe-Pro-Gly-Pro, an analogue of the adrenocorticotropin fragment (4-10), reported after intranasal application to affect learning and to be neuroprotective. · pmid:16996037

Mechanism

A single application in rats raised hippocampal BDNF protein up to 1.4-fold and trkB phosphorylation 1.6-fold. · pmid:16996037

History

A 1997 review of fifteen years of its development describes it as one of the rare regulatory-peptide analogues to pass from fundamental research into clinical use for central nervous system disorders. · pmid:9173745

Identity

PubChem CID 9811102: ACTH (4-7), Pro-Gly-Pro-, C37H51N9O10S, 813.9 g/mol. · pubchem:9811102

CAS registry number 80714-61-0. · pubchem:9811102

IUPAC name: (2S)-1-[2-[[(2S)-1-[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-amino-4-methylsulfanylbutanoyl]amino]-4-carboxybutanoyl]amino]-3-(1H-imidazol-5-yl)propanoyl]amino]-3-phenylpropanoyl]pyrrolidine-2-carbonyl]amino]acetyl]pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid. · pubchem:9811102

Where the evidence actually sits

Emerging50%
Preclinical only50%

Proportion of the 2 claims about Semax standing at each tier. Community volume is shown on the Consensus tab beside this and is never averaged into it.

Living evidence history

[A nootropic adrenocorticotropin analog 4-10-semax (l5 years experience in its design and study)]. (1997) · emergingSemax, an analog of ACTH(4-10) with cognitive effects, regulates BDNF and trkB expression in the rat hippocampus. (2006) · preclinical19972006

2 resolved citations, oldest to newest, coloured by tier. Retractions and contradictions land here as they are recorded.

Structure

Primary structure, N-terminus to C-terminus: 7 residues as the record states them. No 2D or 3D depiction is on record; none is guessed.

1 methionine (Met), hydrophobicMet12 glutamate (Glu), acidicGlu23 histidine (His), basicHis34 phenylalanine (Phe), aromaticPhe45 proline (Pro), specialPro56 glycine (Gly), specialGly67 proline (Pro), specialPro7NC
acidic aromatic basic hydrophobic special

Source pubchem:9811102, fetched not recalled. Side-chain classes are the textbook classes of the standard residues.

Dose evidence, rung by rung

No established safe human dose. Nothing on file establishes one. That is a statement about the evidence PepJunkie holds, not a promise about the molecule.

  1. Approved-label dose · a resolved regulatory document names a labelled dose

    nothing resolved on this rung

  2. Studied human doses · resolved human studies at the established tier

    nothing resolved on this rung

  3. Observational evidence · resolved human data at the emerging tier: thin, or contested
    • [A nootropic adrenocorticotropin analog 4-10-semax (l5 years experience in its design and study)]. · pmid 9173745 · 1997
  4. Community-reported protocols · protocol propositions from distinct members, counted once per human

    nothing resolved on this rung

  5. Preclinical evidence · resolved animal, cell or mechanistic work
    • Semax, an analog of ACTH(4-10) with cognitive effects, regulates BDNF and trkB expression in the rat hippocampus. · pmid 16996037 · 2006

2 resolved citations, 0 unresolved (an unresolved citation lends nothing). Community volume is its own rung and is never averaged into the evidence rungs.