Peptide Atlas · Buffer system

Citrate buffer

Citrate buffer is common in subcutaneous biologics; in a systematic review, five of seven direct comparisons reported less injection-site pain with citrate-free formulations.

established

provisional
2 citations
0 discussions
0 followers

Follow this molecule Ask the Hunter-Gatherer

What the evidence says

six tiers, never blended

established — replicated in humans, or settled by a regulator

every claim resolves to its source

All 2 citations resolve to their original source. · 0 posts naming it, 0 members counted once each.

- emerging
  Claim: Systematic review: citrate and injection-site pain standing
- resolved
A Systematic Literature Review of Injection Site Pain Perception in Adult Patients Treated with Citrate-Free and Citrate-Containing Biologic Agents.
Junker S, Ebert O, Bartsch R
pmid 36043729
- established
  Claim: Review: role of buffers in protein formulations standing
- resolved
Role of Buffers in Protein Formulations.
Zbacnik TJ, Holcomb RE, Katayama DS, Murphy BM, Payne RW, Coccaro RC, Evans GJ, Matsuura JE, Henry CS, Manning MC
pmid 27894967

A claim's standing is its latest row in an append-only history; a tombstone names the later evidence and the reason. The Graveyard and the Resurrection Yard.

Negative findings

failure is information

Nobody has filed a failure yet. Failures are information; this list is waiting for an honest one.