NAD+

Summary

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) is a coenzyme for redox reactions, central to energy metabolism, and an essential cofactor for enzymes such as sirtuins, CD38 and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases. · pmid:33353981

Mechanism

NAD+ biosynthesis through nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) works together with SIRT1 to regulate metabolism and circadian rhythm. · pmid:24786309

History

Tissue and cellular NAD+ levels decline gradually with ageing in model organisms, including rodents, and in humans. · pmid:33353981

Identity

PubChem CID 5892: Nadide, C21H27N7O14P2, 663.4 g/mol. · pubchem:5892

CAS registry number 53-84-9. · pubchem:5892

IUPAC name: [[(2R,3S,4R,5R)-5-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)-3,4-dihydroxyoxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl] [(2R,3S,4R,5R)-5-(3-carbamoylpyridin-1-ium-1-yl)-3,4-dihydroxyoxolan-2-yl]methyl phosphate. · pubchem:5892

Where the evidence actually sits

Proportion of the 2 claims about NAD+ standing at each tier. Community volume is shown on the Consensus tab beside this and is never averaged into it.

Living evidence history

2 resolved citations, oldest to newest, coloured by tier. Retractions and contradictions land here as they are recorded.

Structure

No structure representation on record. PepJunkie draws only what an authoritative record supplies; for a peptide that is the residue sequence, and none has been curated for NAD+ yet.

Dose evidence, rung by rung

No established safe human dose. Nothing on file establishes one. That is a statement about the evidence PepJunkie holds, not a promise about the molecule.

1. Approved-label dose · a resolved regulatory document names a labelled dose

   nothing resolved on this rung

2. Studied human doses · resolved human studies at the established tier

   nothing resolved on this rung

3. Observational evidence · resolved human data at the emerging tier: thin, or contested
   • NAD+ metabolism and its roles in cellular processes during ageing. · pmid 33353981 · 2021
4. Community-reported protocols · protocol propositions from distinct members, counted once per human

   nothing resolved on this rung

5. Preclinical evidence · resolved animal, cell or mechanistic work
   • NAD+ and sirtuins in aging and disease. · pmid 24786309 · 2014

2 resolved citations, 0 unresolved (an unresolved citation lends nothing). Community volume is its own rung and is never averaged into the evidence rungs.